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中文题名:

 《礼记》中的乐思想研究    

姓名:

 郑月    

学号:

 20081212636    

保密级别:

 公开    

论文语种:

 chi    

学科代码:

 0101    

学科名称:

 哲学    

学生类型:

 硕士    

学位:

 哲学硕士    

学校:

 西安电子科技大学    

院系:

 人文学院    

专业:

 哲学    

研究方向:

 中国哲学    

第一导师姓名:

 朱锋刚    

第一导师单位:

 中国计量大学    

完成日期:

 2023-05-05    

答辩日期:

 2023-05-17    

外文题名:

 Research on the Yue Thought in LiJi    

中文关键词:

 《礼记》 ; 礼乐思想 ; 丧礼 ; 祭礼    

外文关键词:

  LiJi ; Rituals and Yue ; Funeral Rites ; Sacrificial Rites    

中文摘要:

《礼记》是儒家经典之一,是中国古籍文献中比较完整的谈论“乐”思想(下文简称为乐)的理论著作。先秦其他经典文献,如《周礼》《论语》《荀子》《史记》等书中所载之乐几乎与《礼记》一脉相承。礼乐相须,“礼乐不可斯须去身”。人的不同生存情境都有礼乐相伴。礼乐与人有着本质性关联,不同的人生阶段和场合举办不同的礼仪,演绎不同的乐,表达不同的情,乐使人产生共情、共鸣。丧礼和祭礼在《礼记》中被谈论的更加充分、集中,因此本文主要结合丧礼和祭礼探讨具体礼仪场合中的乐,分别探讨丧礼中的“禁乐”制度和祭礼中用乐制式。以丧礼为例分析“禁乐”制度下如何安放人情,以祭礼为例来看人在“自然之礼乐”如何沟通天地。

第一章探讨“乐”本身意味着什么,从体、用两个向度来展开叙述。该部分从音乐起源说和乐的字源探究以及乐的本源来探究乐的形上依据;从音乐理论、音乐形式和音乐作品出发探究了乐的形下内涵;从个人修养、政治教化、社会治理探讨乐所具有的三重功用。乐涵养统治者们“内圣外王”的德行,教化百姓,促进“政通人和”、“移风易俗”的实现。

礼、乐的旨趣在于“称情而立文”,以安顿身心。第二章以“情”为切入点,在礼乐文化中,礼乐有别。乐是抒发人之“情”,礼则侧重于在“别”中使不同社会阶层有序。因此乐本身所表之“情”是贯通天地、具有普遍性的,可以说是有着“天地之和”的属性,能够和睦、凝聚万物。礼乐虽不同,但都“关乎人情”,礼起到的主要是“节情”的作用,而乐则肩负的是“疏情”的作用。礼乐互补,不可偏废。唯有如此,所设之“文”方可顺乎人情,成就君子人格,实现礼乐治世。

第三章探讨丧礼中的乐思想。“事死如事生”、“慎终追远”等思想决定了丧礼是研究儒家礼乐至关重要的仪礼。该部分探讨了丧礼缘起和发展以及丧礼的流程和仪式;集中围绕丧礼中处出现的乐事元素和“禁乐”之间的冲突以及现实中丧礼中的乐的问题等展开论述;从“乐者乐也”的本质属性、乐与政治的关系、礼乐合乎天地阴阳法则三个层次深入探讨周代丧礼何以“禁乐”。

第四章探讨祭礼中的乐思想。祭礼之乐是祭祀仪式中的起始标志,是沟通人神的重要载体,是为了取悦神灵的手段。该部分先从字源学入手分析祭礼始源之义,梳理祭礼的不同发展历程(巫觋、祭祀和礼乐);又从祭礼之乐的分类、组成、过程和特征等方面对祭礼之乐予以探讨;阐明祭礼的核心理念,凸显祭礼之乐在其中的功能。

礼乐合人性,顺人情,是尽善尽美的体现。礼乐缘人情而作,又合乎天道法则,礼乐既是人伦社会的普遍性规范,又是实现“天人合一”,以及人对生命本体超越性的途径。

外文摘要:

LiJi, one of the classics of Confucianism, is one of the more complete theoretical works on the idea of "Yue" (hereinafter referred to as Yue) in ancient Chinese literature. The Yue contained in other classical texts of the pre-Qin dynasty, such as the Rites of Zhou, the Analects of Confucius, Xunzi, and the Records of the Grand Historian, is almost identical to LiJi. Rites and Yue are necessary for each other, "Rites and Yue cannot be Sis must go to the body".There are Rites and Yue accompanying different situations of human existence. Rites and Yue are intrinsically related to people. Different life stages and occasions hold different Rites, interpret different Yue and express different feelings, and Yue makes people have common feelings and resonance. Funeral Rites and rituals are discussed more fully and intensively in LiJi, so this paper mainly discusses the Yue in specific rituals in conjunction with funeral rites and rituals, and discusses the "no Yue" system in funeral Rites and the Yue system in rituals respectively. The funeral Rites are used as an example to analyze how to place human feelings under the "no Yue" system, and the rituals are used as an example to see how people communicate with heaven and earth in the "natural Rites and Yue".

The first chapter explores what "Yue" means in itself, and develops the narrative from two perspectives: body and use. This section explores the basis of Yue from the origin of Yue, the origin of the word "Yue" and the origin of Yue, and explores the connotation of Yue from Yue theory, Yue forms and Yue works. The Yue is used to nurture the virtues of the rulers, to educate the people, and to promote the realization of "political harmony" and "change of customs".

The purpose of rituals and Yue is to "create a text to suit the emotions" and to settle the body and mind. The second chapter takes "emotion" as the starting point, in the culture of ritual and Yue, there is a difference between ritual and Yue. Yue is the expression of human "feelings", while ritual focuses on the order of different social classes in the "other". Therefore, the "feelings" expressed in Yue itself are universal, and can be said to have the property of "the harmony of heaven and earth", which can harmonize and unite all things. Although the Rites and Yue are different, they are both "about human feelings", but the Rites play the role of "section feelings", while the Yue shoulders the role of "sparing feelings". Rites and Yue complement each other, and cannot be neglected. Only in this way can the "text" be in accordance with human feelings, to achieve the personality of a gentleman, and to realize the ritual and Yue to rule the world.

Chapter 3 explores the idea of Yue in funeral rites. The ideas of "death is like life" and "cautiously pursuing the end of life" make funeral rites a crucial ritual for the study of Confucian Rites and Yue. This part discusses the origin and development of funeral rites, as well as the process and rituals of funeral rites; it focuses on the conflicts between the elements of Yue and the "forbidden Yue" that appear in funeral rites and the problems of Yue in funeral rites in reality. It also discusses the nature of "Yue", the relationship between Yue and politics, and the rituals of Yue in accordance with the laws of yin and yang of heaven and earth.

Chapter 4 explores the idea of Yue in sacrificial rites. The Yue of the sacrificial rites is a symbol of the beginning of the rituals, an important vehicle to communicate with the gods, and a means to please them. This part first analyzes the meaning of the origin of rituals from etymology, and sorts out the different development of sacrificial rites (witch, sacrifice, and Ritual Yue); it also discusses the Yue of sacrificial rituals in terms of its classification, composition, process, and characteristics; it clarifies the core concept of rituals and highlights the function of ritual Yue in them.

The Rituals and Yue are the reflection of human nature and human feelings. The Rituals and Yue are made in accordance with human feelings and the laws of heaven, and they are not only the universal norms of human society, but also the way to realize the "unity of heaven and man" and the transcendence of man's life essence.

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博士论文
[1] 江林.《诗经》与宗周礼乐文明[D].浙江大学,2004.
[2] 杜佳.周代軍禮、吉禮禮辭纂釋[D].浙江大学,2018.
硕士论文
[1] 成守勇.礼乐生活[D].华东师范大学,2010.
[2] 兰雪.生命之和[D].贵州大学,2019.
[3] 何因易.春秋战国贵族用乐制度研究[D].浙江师范大学,2019.
[4] 张秋燕.先秦儒家“乐教”的德育价值及当代启示[D].华东师范大学,2019.
[5] 陈星旭.论《吕氏春秋》之“制乐”[D].西南大学,2020.
中图分类号:

 B232    

开放日期:

 2023-12-27    

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