跳频通信作为现代无线通信领域的主要手段之一，具有抗干扰能力强、截获概率低、多址组网能力优良以及易于与窄带通信系统兼容等特点。但是在现代信息化技术高速发展的环境下，频谱资源日益紧张、复杂干扰不断升级、通信链路环境复杂多变等诸多挑战使得传统跳频通信已经不能满足高效率、高可靠的数据传输需求，使得传统跳频通信系统性能达到了瓶颈。因此，在通信带宽受限的环境下，为了提高跳频通信的综合性能，需要跳频通信系统能够随着电磁频谱环境的变化动态调整参数，使得系统实时地工作在最优的状态。

基于跳频通信系统对有效性与可靠性的需求，本文将认知无线电的频谱感知技术引入传统跳频通信中，构建了一种基于认知的跳频通信系统，该系统具备动态调整参数的能力，并且对系统中的关键技术跳频序列生成方法以及跳频同步方案进行研究与实现。具体的工作包括以下内容：

1、介绍了传统跳频通信技术所面临的挑战，阐述了基于认知的跳频通信系统的研究背景、工作原理与关键技术，并且给出了系统的主体架构设计。

2、针对基于认知的跳频通信系统在复杂多变的电磁环境下能够满足参数动态可变的需求，本文研究了一种基于认知的跳频序列生成方法，该方法是对基于3DES分组密码算法生成的跳频基序列采用伪随机扰动映射算法进行处理，然后得到序列参数动态可变的跳频序列。通过仿真验证与数据分析，说明了该方法生成的跳频序列能够动态自适应地更改跳频频隙数、跳频间隔等参数，具备良好的综合性能，可用于基于认知的跳频通信系统。

3、分析了现有常用跳频同步方法的优缺点，结合同步字头法与独立信道法的优缺点，研究了一种基于TOD信息的差异化扫描跳频同步方案，并且对同步方案做出了详细的介绍与设计。通过仿真验证与数据分析，说明了该同步方案具有良好的可靠性与稳定性，能够用于基于认知的跳频通信系统。

4、对本文基于认知的跳频通信系统中的跳频总体控制方案进行设计，并且利用硬件描述语言VHDL完成了系统中跳频总体控制方案的数字电路设计，之后基于实验平台对整个系统进行了调试与验证。结果表明，该系统具备良好的综合性能，能够根据通信带宽内电磁频谱环境动态调整参数以及可靠地进行数据通信。

As one of the main methods in modern wireless communication field, frequency hopping (FH) communication has many advantages, such as strong anti-interference ability, low interception probability, excellent ability of multiple access networking, being compatible with narrow band communication systems easily and so on. However, with the rapid development of modern informatization technology, many challenges make that FH communication technology doesn’t satisfy the requirement for high efficiency and reliable data transmission, such as growing tense spectrum resource, continuous upgrading of complicated interference, and complicated variable communication link environment. Moreover, the performance of traditional FH communication system reaches the bottleneck. Therefore, in order to improve the comprehensive performance of FH communication, it needs to adjust the system parameters dynamically and adaptively which is changed by the electromagnetic environment for FH communication system under the environment of limited bandwidths. And then the communication system can work in the optimal state dynamically.

 

Based on the requirement for validity and reliability of FH communication system, this paper has designed the cognitive FH communication system which brings the spectrum perception technology of cognitive radio into the traditional FH communication. This system can adjust the parameters dynamically. Moreover, the key technologies of FH sequence generation and FH synonization in this system have been studied and implemented in this paper. The main work contains following several aspects:

 

1、This paper introduces the challenges that the existing traditional FH communication technology has to face with, and expound the development background, operating principle, and key technology in cognitive FH communication system. The main architecture design of the system is also given.

 

2、Aiming at the requirement for changing the parameters adaptively and dynamically in the cognitive FH communication system which works in the complex and variable environment, this paper has studied the cognitive FH sequence which is generated by pseudo-mapping algorithm from the basic FH sequence based on the 3DES block encryption ciphers. Then we can get the FH sequence that its parameters change dynamically. From the simulation verification and data analysis, we can find the good comprehensive performance of the scheme what we have designed. Therefore, it can be used in the cognitive FH communication system.

 

3、The advantages and disadvantages of existing FH synonization technology are analyzed. Then a differential scanning FH synonization scheme which based on time of day(TOD) information is researched. Moreover, the detailed introduction and design for synonization scheme is also given. By the simulation verification and data analysis, this scheme shows the good reliability and stability. Therefore, it can be used in cognitive FH communication system.

 

4、This paper designs the FH overall controlling scheme for cognitive FH communication system. Moreover, the hardware deion language VHDL is used to design the corresponding digital circuit for controlling scheme, then the whole system is debugged and verified based on experimental platform. The result shows that the communication system owns excellent performance and can adjust the parameters dynamically according to the spectrum environment in the communication bandwidth and transmit data reliably.

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