《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》和《青少年体育“十三五”规划》等相关政策的出台明确提出了以促进青少年体质健康为重点，并指明了以建立校内外联合培养机制为方向来弥补师资力量短缺、注重文化课程发展所导致的学校体育课程不足、场地设施匮乏、学校体育氛围较弱以及社区体育普及率低等现状。然而仅依靠家庭体育并不足以改变现状，随着校外体育俱乐部的出现及数量的增多着实促进了青少年体育参与程度。针对这一现状，通过文献资料的梳理发现前人研究多为青少年个体、家庭、学校的三维视角研究以促进青少年体育参与，然而随社会发展三维视角不足以全面探究青少年其体育参与行为。由此本文以西安市参加校外体育俱乐部的青少年为研究对象，运用文献资料法、实地调查法、访谈调查法、量表测试法及采用SPSS25.0和AMOS22.0为数据处理工具，在青少年自身、家庭、学校、社会、俱乐部的多维视角下探究是何种原因影响了西安市青少年参加校外体育俱乐部的行为，为促进西安市青少年参加校外体育俱乐部提供依据，丰富该领域的理论基础。研究得到以下结论：
（1）目前西安市青少年参加校外体育俱乐部的现状通过实地调查和问卷调查可确定为以男性学员为主要参与人群并且在每周末参加1-2次篮球运动的青少年居多。
（2）经过项目分析、探索性因子分析、SEM检验分析得到青少年量表和青少年家长量表，两个量表包含了青少年自身、家庭、社会、学校、俱乐部五个维度都能够对青少年参加校外体育俱乐部产生一定影响，且各维度间存在一定的联系。两个量表具有较高的内部一致性，能够作为对其被试对象进行相关测量工具。
（3）从青少年量表最终检验模型各维度与其条目路径系数看，青少年认为参加校外体育俱乐部自身因素为想要升学考试进入一个好学校；家庭因素是双亲的共同支持；社会因素是社区的体育氛围的促进；学校因素为其他任课教师的支持；俱乐部因素是其场地设施的齐全。
（4）从青少年家长量表最终检验模型各维度与其条目路径系数看，青少年家长认为青少年参加校外体育俱乐部是其自身的锻炼经历影响；家庭因素是双亲的共同支持；社会因素是社交媒体的影响；学校因素为体育教师的支持；俱乐部因素是其良好的课堂氛围的影响。
 

The "healthy China 2030" planning outline "and" youth sports "much starker choices-and graver consequences-in planning policies related to explicitly put forward to promote the physical health of teenagers, and pointed out the joint face-to-face training mechanism for the direction to make up the shortage of qualified teachers, and pay attention to culture curriculum development as a result of inadequate school physical education curriculum, the lack of facilities, weak atmosphere of school sports and community sports low penetration of the status quo. However, relying on family sports alone is not enough to change the status quo. The emergence and increasing number of out-of-school sports clubs has indeed promoted the level of youth sports participation. In view of this situation, the literature review shows that previous researches mainly focus on the three-dimensional perspective of adolescents, families and schools to promote their sports participation, but the three-dimensional perspective with the development of society is not enough to fully explore their sports participation behavior. Thus this paper, taking xi 'an teenagers participates in sports clubs as the research object, using the method of documentary, field survey, interview investigation method, the scale test method and adopting SPSS25.0 and AMOS22.0 tools for data processing, the teenagers themselves, family, school, society and the club's multidimensional perspective to explore what reasons influence the behaviour of xi "an adolescent participates in sports clubs, provide the basis for promoting xi 'an teenagers participates in sports clubs, enrich the theoretical foundation of this field. The following conclusions are drawn:

(1) The current situation of teenagers' participation in sports clubs outside school in xi 'an city can be determined through field investigation and questionnaire survey that male students are the main participants and the majority of teenagers participate in basketball sports 1-2 times every weekend.

(2) After project analysis, exploratory factor analysis and SEM test analysis, the student scale and the parent scale were obtained. The two scales included five dimensions of teenagers themselves, family, society, school and club, all of which had certain influence on teenagers' participation in sports clubs outside school, and there was a certain relationship between each dimension. The two scales have a high degree of internal consistency and can be used as a relevant measurement tool for their subjects.

(3) From the perspective of each dimension of the final test model of the youth scale and its item path coefficient, the teenagers think that they want to enter a good school by taking part in the external sports club. Family factors are the support of both parents; Social factors are the promotion of community sports atmosphere; The school factor is the support of other teachers; The factor of the club is its complete facilities.

(4) From each dimension of the final test model of the adolescent parent scale and its item path coefficient, the adolescent parents believe that the participation of the adolescents in sports clubs outside school is the influence of their own exercise experience; Family factors are the support of both parents; Social factors are the influence of social media; The school factor is the support of physical education teachers; The club factor is the influence of its good classroom atmosphere.

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