随着科学技术的不断进步，无线通信领域也发生了日新月异的变化。与此同时，用户的业务需求也在日益增加，无线通信的发展与用户多媒体数据需求的不匹配仍然是现今的主要矛盾。尤其在室内环境中，传统通信信号经过较长距离的衰减与损耗，使得室内通信质量与覆盖性能较差。家庭小区在此背景之下应运而生。家庭基站是一种部署在室内环境，服务用户范围相对较小的即插即用设备。家庭基站的部署不仅可以提升室内用户通信质量，满足室内用户高速数据传输速率，同时还可以卸载宏小区通信压力，提高整个通信网络的容量。然而，家庭小区的部署带来了组网方式和网络结构的变化，为家庭小区的管理带来严峻考验。尤其是家庭小区随意性，密集性以及分布式部署方式，会不可避免的带来同层干扰（家庭小区之间的相互干扰）以及跨层干扰（宏小区与家庭小区之间的相互干扰）。对频谱资源的合理利用及有效管理，是抑制家庭小区干扰的主要方式之一。

本文研究了家庭小区之间的同层干扰问题，并且利用不同技术手段，提出了三种全分布式资源分配策略。本文首先利用认知无线电技术，提出了一个简单的认知家庭小区资源分配策略。该策略将认知无线电技术引入家庭小区，使家庭基站可以感知周围环境，从而做出合适的频谱选择。然后，利用博弈理论，提出了一个全分布式比例资源分配策略。该策略在博弈算法的基础上，设计了一个资源需求减半策略和一个概率放弃策略，不仅可以保证高优先级用户的服务质量，并且使得其他用户的分配具有很好的比例公平性。最后，本文首次在家庭小区载波聚合领域引入全分布式资源分配思想，基于载波聚合技术，设计了一个全分布式动态资源分配策略。该策略设计了一个简单有效的算法，为各个家庭小区分配一个必需的主分量载波和相应的辅分量载波。该算法非常适合动态分量载波分配场景，尽可能的避免载波之间的干扰产生，并保证了分配的比例公平性。

仿真结果表明，对比于相关领域的其他资源分配策略，提出的算法在各个方面（比如公平性，频谱空间服用，信干噪比，收敛性等）都具有明显优势。最后，本文总结比较了设计的三个算法的优势与不足，并对下一步的工作内容做出展望。本文的工作为家庭小区的部署提供了有效的参考方案。

With the development of science and technology, wireless communications has also undergone enormous changes. At the same time, the user's business needs are also increasing. The development of wireless communications still can not meet the user's multimedia data needs. Especially in the indoor environment, because of the traditional communication signal through a long distance attenuation and loss, the indoor communication quality and coverage performance is poor. Femtocells emerge as the times require. A home eNodeB is a plug-and-play device which deployed in an indoor environment and serves users in small range. The deployment of Femtocell can not only improve the communication quality of indoor user, meet the indoor user’s high-speed data rate, but also unload the macrocell’s communication pressure, improve the capacity of the entire communication network. However, the deployment of the Femtocell has changed network structure, which brought a serious ordeal for the management of the Femtocell. In particular, the randomness, denseness and distributed deployment of the Femtocell will inevitably lead to cross-tier interference between the Femtocell and the macrocell, as well as the intra-tier interference between the Femtocell. The effective management of spectrum resources is one of the main ways to mitigate the interference.

The intra-tier interference between Femtocells was studied, and three kinds of fully distributed resource allocation strategies by different technical means was proposed in this paper. Firstly, a simple Cognitive Femtocell resource allocation strategy is proposed by using cognitive radio technology. This strategy integrates cognitive radio technology into the Femtocells, Femtocell can avoid intra-tier interference by sensing environment and according alters its resource. Secondly, using the game theory, a fully distributed proportional resource allocation strategy was proposed. Based on the game algorithm, a half-allocation strategy and a probability quit strategy was designed in this strategy, which can guarantee the service quality of high priority users, and guarantee other users have a good fairness. Finally, the idea of full distributed resource allocation in the field of Femtocell carrier aggregation was introduced, and a fully distributed dynamic resource allocation strategy based on carrier aggregation technology was proposed. A simple but efficient algorithm was designed in this strategy. The algorithm allocates a necessary principal component carrier and the corresponding secondary component carrier for each Femtocell. This algorithm is very suitable for carrier allocation scene, it tries to avoid the interference between the carriers, and ensure the fairness.

The simulation results show that the proposed algorithms have obvious advantages in some aspects (such as fairness, spectrum spatial Reuse, SINR, convergence, etc.) compared with other resource allocation strategies in related fields. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed three algorithms was summarized, and the next work plan was expected. The work of this paper provides effective reference schemes for the deployment of Femtocell.

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